What is difference between TFT and LCD?

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and TFT (Thin Film Transistor) are two common display technologies used in various electronic devices like smartphones, tablets, TVs, computer monitors etc. Though they seem similar, there are some key differences between LCD and TFT displays:

LCD Displays
LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. An LCD screen consists of a backlight, polarizing filter, and liquid crystal cells. The liquid crystals can be switched on or off electronically to produce images by blocking out light. LCD screens use a passive matrix configuration, where each row or column of pixels has a data connection. This allows the display controller to update each pixel sequentially by scanning across the screen.
Advantages: Simple design, inexpensive, low power consumption
Disadvantages: Slow response times, poor viewing angles, low refresh rates

TFT Displays
TFT stands for Thin Film Transistor. TFT displays have an active matrix configuration, with each pixel controlled by its own transistor and capacitor. This allows each pixel to retain its state while other pixels are being addressed, eliminating crosstalk between pixels. TFT screens can be made with higher resolution and faster refresh rates than passive LCDs.
Advantages: Faster response times, better viewing angles, higher resolutions, increased brightness
Disadvantages: More complex design, higher power consumption
Some key differences between LCD and TFT displays:

Refresh rate - TFTs can handle faster screen refresh rates, allowing for smoother motion. LCDs have slower refresh rates.

Viewing angles - TFT screens have wider viewing angles, while LCD viewing angles are more limited.

Response times - TFT pixels can switch on/off faster, enabling quicker response times than passive LCD.

Power consumption - TFT displays consume more power because each pixel has a dedicated transistor. LCDs are more energy efficient.

Production cost - TFT screens are more expensive to produce than LCDs because of their additional circuitry.